Foundry Chemical Market

Foundry Chemical Market Forecast and Outlook 2025 to 2035

The global foundry chemical market is projected to reach USD 8,800.0 million by 2035, recording an absolute increase of USD 2,900.0 million over the forecast period. The market is valued at USD 5,900.0 million in 2025 and is set to rise at a CAGR of 4.1% during the assessment period.

The market is expected to grow by nearly 1.5 times during the same period, supported by increasing demand for high-performance casting solutions across automotive and industrial sectors, driving adoption of advanced foundry chemical technologies and expanding investments in modern foundry operations and metal casting facilities globally. However, high raw material costs for specialty chemicals and stringent environmental regulations may pose challenges to market expansion.

Quick Stats for Foundry Chemical Market

• Foundry Chemical Market Value (2025): USD 5,900.0 million
• Foundry Chemical Market Forecast Value (2035): USD 8,800.0 million
• Foundry Chemical Market Forecast CAGR: 4.1%
• Leading Product Type in Foundry Chemical Market: Binders
• Key Growth Regions in Foundry Chemical Market: Asia Pacific, North America, and Europe
• Top Players in Foundry Chemical Market: ASK Chemicals, HA International, Imerys, Vesuvius, Hüttenes-Albertus, ABP Induction, Sibelco, Ashland, Elkem, BASF

Between 2025 and 2030, the foundry chemical market is projected to expand from USD 5,900.0 million to USD 7,190.0 million, resulting in a value increase of USD 1,290.0 million, which represents 44.5% of the total forecast growth for the decade. This phase of development will be shaped by rising demand for advanced casting solutions and specialized chemical formulations, product innovation in binder technologies and coating systems, as well as expanding integration with automated foundry processes and metal casting optimization systems. Companies are establishing competitive positions through investment in chemical research and development, high-performance formulation technologies, and strategic market expansion across automotive, industrial machinery, and construction applications.

From 2030 to 2035, the market is forecast to grow from USD 7,190.0 million to USD 8,800.0 million, adding another USD 1,610.0 million, which constitutes 55.5% of the overall ten-year expansion. This period is expected to be characterized by the expansion of specialized chemical formulations, including advanced binding systems and integrated coating solutions tailored for specific metal casting applications, strategic collaborations between chemical manufacturers and foundry operators, and an enhanced focus on regulatory compliance and environmental-friendly formulation practices. The growing emphasis on precision casting and quality control will drive demand for comprehensive chemical solutions across diverse foundry applications.

Foundry Chemical Market Key Takeaways

Metric	Value
Market Value (2025)	USD 5,900.0 million
Market Forecast Value (2035)	USD 8,800.0 million
Forecast CAGR (2025-2035)	4.1%

Why is the Foundry Chemical Market Growing?

The foundry chemical market grows by enabling foundry operators to optimize casting processes while accessing advanced chemical technologies without substantial infrastructure requirements.

Foundry facilities and metal casting operations face mounting pressure to improve product quality and comply with strict environmental regulations, with specialized chemicals typically providing 90-95% casting efficiency rates comparable to conventional alternatives, making advanced solutions essential for competitive positioning.

The foundry industry's need for precision casting and application-specific process control creates demand for comprehensive chemical solutions that can provide superior casting quality, maintain consistent performance, and ensure regulatory compliance without compromising production standards or environmental requirements.

Government initiatives promoting advanced manufacturing and cleaner production technologies drive adoption in automotive, industrial machinery, and construction applications, where chemical intervention has a direct impact on casting quality and operational efficiency.

However, system complexity constraints during implementation phases and the expertise requirements for specialized chemical deployment may limit accessibility among smaller foundry facilities and developing regions with limited technical infrastructure for advanced metal casting systems.

Segmental Analysis

The market is segmented by product, metal, end use, and region. By product, the market is divided into binders, coatings, additives, release agents, and others. Based on metal, the market is categorized into ferrous and non-ferrous. By end use, the market includes automotive, industrial machinery, construction, and others. Regionally, the market is divided into Asia Pacific, Europe, North America, and other key regions.

By Product, the Binders Segment Accounts for a Dominant Market Share

The binders segment represents the dominant force in the foundry chemical market, capturing approximately 40.0% of total market share in 2025. This established product category encompasses solutions featuring sophisticated binding formulations and advanced chemical compounds, including organic and inorganic binder systems and specialized molecules that enable superior mold strength and casting quality across all metal types. The binders segment's market leadership stems from its superior performance capabilities, with products capable of handling diverse foundry challenges while maintaining consistent binding strength and operational reliability across all casting environments.

The coatings segment maintains a substantial 25.0% market share, serving foundry operators who require advanced surface protection with enhanced thermal resistance features for complex castings and specialized applications. These products offer premium coating solutions for high-temperature casting while providing sufficient durability capabilities to meet quality control and performance demands.

The additives segment accounts for approximately 20.0% of the market, serving specialized chemical enhancement applications. The release agents segment holds 10.0% market share, while others capture 5.0% market share, serving niche applications including specialty formulations, auxiliary chemicals, and precision casting applications across various foundry sectors.

Key technological advantages driving the binders segment include:

• Advanced formulation technologies with integrated binding mechanisms that reduce mold defects and ensure consistent strength performance
• Multi-metal compatibility options allowing simultaneous binding across different alloy systems without cross-contamination development
• Enhanced thermal stability features, maintaining binding strength at elevated temperatures while preserving mold integrity
• Improved environmental profiles enabling reduced emission levels and enhanced workplace safety requirements

By Metal, the Ferrous Segment Accounts for the Largest Market Share

Ferrous metals dominate the metal segment with approximately 60.0% market share in 2025, reflecting the critical role of iron and steel casting in supporting global manufacturing operations and industrial production worldwide. The ferrous segment's market leadership is reinforced by increasing demand in automotive manufacturing, infrastructure development, and rising requirements for high-strength casting diversity in comprehensive production programs across developed and emerging markets.

The non-ferrous segment represents the second-largest metal category, capturing 40.0% market share through specialized aluminum, copper, and zinc casting applications for precision manufacturing, lightweight component production, and specialized industrial applications. This segment benefits from growing industry preference for lightweight materials that meet specific performance requirements, corrosion resistance standards, and quality protocols in competitive manufacturing markets.

Key market dynamics supporting metal segment growth include:

• Ferrous casting expansion driven by automotive demand and infrastructure development, requiring specialized chemical formulations in emerging markets
• Non-ferrous modernization trends require high-quality, standardized chemicals for consistency and regulatory compliance
• Integration of advanced casting technologies enabling precision metal processing and quality management systems
• Growing emphasis on metal diversity driving demand for comprehensive, multi-alloy chemical solutions

By End Use, the Automotive Segment Accounts for the Largest Market Share

Automotive applications dominate the end use segment with approximately 45.0% market share in 2025, reflecting the critical role of metal casting in supporting global automotive manufacturing and component production operations worldwide. The automotive segment's market leadership is reinforced by increasing vehicle production, lightweighting initiatives, and rising requirements for precision casting diversity in integrated manufacturing programs across developed and emerging automotive markets.

The industrial machinery segment represents the second-largest end use category, capturing 35.0% market share through specialized equipment manufacturing for heavy machinery production, precision component casting, and industrial equipment applications. This segment benefits from growing demand for heavy-duty equipment that meets specific performance requirements, durability standards, and quality protocols in competitive industrial markets.

The construction segment accounts for 10.0% market share, while others capture 10.0% market share, serving specialized applications including aerospace components, marine equipment, and precision casting applications across various industrial sectors.

Key market dynamics supporting end use growth include:

• Automotive expansion driven by production increases and component development, requiring specialized foundry facilities in emerging markets
• Industrial machinery modernization trends require high-quality, standardized chemicals for casting consistency and regulatory compliance
• Integration of construction technologies enabling precision component manufacturing and quality systems
• Growing emphasis on application diversity driving demand for comprehensive, multi-sector chemical solutions

What are the Drivers, Restraints, and Key Trends of the Foundry Chemical Market?

The market is driven by three concrete demand factors tied to advanced manufacturing outcomes. First, increasing automotive production and industrial manufacturing initiatives create increasing demand for casting optimization systems, with metal casting volumes expanding by 6-8% annually in major developing countries worldwide, requiring comprehensive chemical infrastructure. Second, government initiatives promoting advanced manufacturing and cleaner production technologies drive increased adoption of foundry chemical solutions, with many countries implementing environmental compliance goals for industrial advancement by 2030. Third, technological advancements in chemical formulation technology and binding systems enable more effective and cost-competitive casting solutions that reduce defect rates while improving casting quality and production capabilities.

Market restraints include high raw material costs for specialty chemicals that can deter new market entrants from developing comprehensive formulation capabilities, particularly in developing regions where access to advanced chemical precursors remains limited. Environmental regulations and compliance requirements pose another significant challenge, as foundry chemicals demand extensive testing and safety documentation, potentially causing increased development costs and market entry delays. Technical expertise and application support requirements across different regions create additional operational challenges for product adoption, demanding ongoing investment in foundry training and chemical application programs.

Key trends indicate accelerated adoption in Asia-Pacific markets, particularly China and India, where manufacturing expansion and quality requirements drive comprehensive foundry chemical adoption. Technology integration trends toward precision casting systems with advanced formulations, metal compatibility assessments, and integrated monitoring solutions enable proactive quality approaches that optimize casting performance and minimize defect rates. However, the market thesis could face disruption if significant advances in alternative casting technologies or major changes in manufacturing approaches reduce reliance on traditional chemical-based foundry systems.

Analysis of the Foundry Chemical Market by Key Country

Country	CAGR (2025-2035)
India	6.0%
China	5.0%
Mexico	3.9%
Germany	3.6%
USA	3.4%
South Korea	3.2%
Japan	2.6%

The foundry chemical market is expanding steadily, with India leading at a 6.0% CAGR through 2035, driven by manufacturing infrastructure expansion, government-backed industrial programs, and advanced casting technology adoption. China follows at 5.0%, supported by manufacturing modernization and large-scale foundry initiatives. Mexico records 3.9%, reflecting rising adoption of advanced casting solutions in industrial centers.

Germany grows at 3.6%, maintaining leadership in precision casting and EU compliance. USA posts 3.4%, anchored by automotive manufacturing and federal support programs. South Korea advances at 3.2%, emphasizing technology integration, while Japan grows steadily at 2.6%, focusing on advanced manufacturing standards.

India Leads Global Market Expansion

India demonstrates the strongest growth potential in the foundry chemical market with a CAGR of 6.0% through 2035. The country's leadership position stems from manufacturing infrastructure expansion, government-backed industrial development programs, and increasing technical expertise driving the adoption of advanced foundry chemical solutions.

Growth is concentrated in major industrial centers, including Mumbai, Pune, Chennai, and Coimbatore, where foundry facilities and automotive manufacturing centers are implementing advanced chemical systems for enhanced casting quality and production compliance.

Distribution channels through chemical distributors and industrial networks expand deployment across specialized foundry projects and comprehensive manufacturing initiatives. The country's Make in India program provides policy support for manufacturing modernization, including advanced foundry chemical adoption.

Key market factors:

• Manufacturing expansion concentrated in automotive hubs and specialized foundry zones with comprehensive industrial development programs
• Government support through industrial programs and manufacturing infrastructure initiatives
• Comprehensive foundry technology ecosystem, including established chemical suppliers with proven track records
• Technology integration featuring advanced formulation platforms, application systems, and quality optimization technologies

China Emerges as High-Growth Market

In Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen, the adoption of comprehensive foundry chemical solutions is accelerating across manufacturing networks and specialized casting facilities, driven by manufacturing modernization targets and government industrial programs. The market demonstrates strong growth momentum with a CAGR of 5.0% through 2035, linked to comprehensive manufacturing modernization and increasing focus on advanced foundry solutions. Chinese manufacturers are implementing advanced chemical systems and integrated casting platforms to enhance product quality while meeting growing demand in expanding automotive and industrial machinery sectors. The country's Made in China 2025 initiatives create persistent demand for foundry chemical solutions, while increasing emphasis on manufacturing advancement drives adoption of advanced casting systems.

Key development areas:

• Manufacturing facilities and foundry centers leading chemical technology adoption with comprehensive modernization programs
• Industrial channels providing integrated solutions with 85% casting improvement rates
• Technology partnerships between chemical companies and manufacturing enterprises are expanding market reach
• Integration of advanced foundry technologies and comprehensive quality management systems

Mexico Shows Strong Regional Leadership

Mexico's market expansion is driven by diverse industrial demand, including specialized foundry centers in Mexico City and Monterrey, and comprehensive manufacturing adoption across multiple states. The country demonstrates promising growth potential with a CAGR of 3.9% through 2035, supported by federal government manufacturing investment programs and state-level industrial development initiatives. Mexican foundry operators face implementation challenges related to technology financing constraints and technical expertise availability, requiring phased deployment approaches and support from international suppliers. However, growing automotive demand and manufacturing requirements create compelling business cases for chemical adoption, particularly in industrial areas where casting quality has a direct impact on manufacturing competitiveness.

Market characteristics:

• Specialized automotive and foundry segments showing fastest growth with 20% annual increase in chemical utilization
• Regional expansion trends focused on industrial areas in central and northern states
• Future projections indicate the need for local technical support infrastructure and foundry specialist training programs
• Growing emphasis on manufacturing excellence and international competitiveness in industrial operations

Germany Demonstrates Technology Innovation

The German market leads in advanced chemical innovation based on integration with precision casting systems and specialized manufacturing technologies for enhanced operational performance. The country shows strong potential with a CAGR of 3.6% through 2035, driven by the modernization of existing foundry infrastructure and the expansion of specialized manufacturing facilities in major industrial centers, including Stuttgart, Munich, Düsseldorf, and Hamburg. German foundry operators are adopting intelligent chemical systems for regulatory compliance and quality improvement, particularly in regions with advanced automotive requirements and specialized applications demanding comprehensive casting upgrades. Technology deployment channels through established chemical distributors and manufacturing management companies expand coverage across foundry facilities and production-focused operators.

Leading market segments:

• Specialized manufacturing modernization projects in major industrial centers are implementing comprehensive chemical upgrades
• Automotive partnerships with chemical providers, achieving 92% casting quality improvement rates
• Strategic collaborations between chemical companies and manufacturing operations are expanding market presence
• Focus on high-performance systems and specialized casting requirements

United States Emphasizes Manufacturing Modernization

In major industrial centers including Detroit, Chicago, Pittsburgh, and Houston, foundry facilities are implementing comprehensive chemical solutions to modernize existing casting infrastructure and improve production accuracy, with documented case studies showing a 30% improvement in casting quality through advanced chemical systems. The market shows strong growth potential with a CAGR of 3.4% through 2035, linked to the ongoing modernization of manufacturing facilities, automotive networks, and emerging specialized foundry projects in major regions. American foundry operators are adopting intelligent chemical and monitoring platforms to enhance casting reliability while maintaining quality standards demanded by automotive and industrial machinery sectors. The country's established manufacturing infrastructure creates persistent demand for system upgrade and modernization solutions that integrate with existing foundry systems.

Market development factors:

• Manufacturing facilities and foundry networks leading chemical modernization initiatives across United States
• Industrial modernization programs providing federal funding support for manufacturing and foundry infrastructure upgrades
• Strategic partnerships between American foundry companies and international chemical providers are expanding technical capabilities
• Emphasis on advanced manufacturing and quality standards compliance across automotive applications

South Korea Shows Technology-Driven Growth

South Korea's foundry chemical market demonstrates sophisticated implementation focused on advanced manufacturing technology and casting optimization, with documented integration of advanced chemical systems, achieving 35% improvement in casting quality across automotive and manufacturing facilities. The country maintains steady growth momentum with a CAGR of 3.2% through 2035, driven by manufacturing facilities' emphasis on industrial innovation and continuous improvement methodologies that align with international quality requirements applied to casting operations. Major industrial areas, including Seoul, Busan, Ulsan, and Daegu, showcase advanced deployment of chemical platforms where casting systems integrate seamlessly with existing manufacturing control systems and comprehensive quality management programs.

Key market characteristics:

• Manufacturing facilities and foundry centers are driving advanced chemical requirements with emphasis on casting innovation and quality
• Quality management partnerships enabling 96% casting compliance with comprehensive monitoring programs
• Technology collaboration between Korean companies and international chemical providers is expanding market capabilities
• Emphasis on manufacturing innovation and continuous improvement methodologies

Japan Emphasizes Advanced Manufacturing Integration

Japan's foundry chemical market demonstrates mature and technology-focused landscape, characterized by sophisticated integration of chemical systems with existing manufacturing infrastructure across foundry facilities, automotive networks, and specialized casting initiatives. Japan's emphasis on advanced manufacturing and quality standards drives demand for high-reliability chemical solutions that support comprehensive industrial initiatives and regulatory compliance requirements in manufacturing operations. The market benefits from strong partnerships between international chemical providers and domestic manufacturing leaders, creating comprehensive service ecosystems that prioritize system performance and technical training programs. Industrial centers in major manufacturing regions showcase advanced chemical implementations where casting systems achieve 93% efficiency through integrated monitoring programs.

Europe Market Split by Country

The foundry chemical market in Europe is projected to grow from USD 1,420.0 million in Germany in 2025, maintaining a 24.0% market share, supported by its extensive specialized manufacturing infrastructure, advanced foundry facilities, and comprehensive chemical networks serving major European markets.

The UK follows with USD 1,000.0 million and a 17.0% share in 2025, driven by comprehensive manufacturing programs in major industrial regions implementing advanced foundry chemical management systems. France holds USD 830.0 million with a 14.0% share through the ongoing development of specialized foundry facilities and advanced chemical networks. Italy commands USD 670.0 million with a 11.0% share, while Spain accounts for USD 540.0 million with a 9.0% share in 2025. The Rest of Europe region maintains USD 1,440.0 million with a 25.0% collective share, attributed to increasing chemical adoption in Nordic countries and emerging Eastern European foundry facilities implementing advanced casting programs.

Competitive Landscape of the Foundry Chemical Market

The foundry chemical market features approximately 20-25 meaningful players with moderate concentration, where the top three companies control roughly 30-40% of global market share through established chemical product portfolios and extensive foundry industry relationships. Competition centers on product performance, technical support, and formulation innovation rather than price competition alone.

Market leaders include ASK Chemicals, HA International, and Imerys, which maintain competitive advantages through comprehensive foundry chemical solution portfolios, global distribution networks, and deep expertise in the metal casting and foundry sectors, creating high switching costs for customers. These companies leverage established foundry operator relationships and ongoing technical support services to defend market positions while expanding into adjacent chemical and integrated casting applications.

Challengers encompass Vesuvius and Hüttenes-Albertus, which compete through specialized chemical formulations and strong regional presence in key foundry markets. Chemical specialists, including ABP Induction, Sibelco, and Ashland, focus on specific chemical technologies or specialized applications, offering differentiated capabilities in binding systems, coating technology, and application-specific solutions.

Regional players and emerging chemical companies create competitive pressure through innovative formulations and rapid market deployment capabilities, particularly in high-growth markets including China and India, where local presence provides advantages in foundry operator support and regulatory compliance. Market dynamics favor companies that combine advanced chemical technologies with comprehensive technical services that address the complete foundry lifecycle from product development through ongoing casting support and quality management.

Global Foundry Chemical Market - Stakeholder Contribution Framework

Foundry chemical solutions represent a critical manufacturing technology that enables foundry operators, manufacturing facilities, and casting departments to enhance production accuracy and casting effectiveness without substantial infrastructure requirements, typically providing 85-95% casting efficiency rates comparable to conventional alternatives while improving product quality. With the market projected to grow from USD 5,900.0 million in 2025 to USD 8,800.0 million by 2035 at a 4.1% CAGR, these solutions offer compelling advantages - superior casting outcomes, enhanced production quality, and regulatory compliance capabilities - making them essential for automotive manufacturing (growing segment), industrial machinery operations (expanding adoption), and diverse foundry applications seeking reliable chemical solutions. Scaling market penetration and chemical capabilities requires coordinated action across industrial policy, quality standards, chemical manufacturers, foundry technology providers, and research institutions.

How Governments Could Spur Local Production and Adoption?

• Industrial Development Programs: Include foundry chemical capabilities in national manufacturing development initiatives, providing targeted funding for specialized foundry facilities in underserved regions and supporting local chemical companies through innovation grants and development support.
• Tax Policy & R&D Support: Implement accelerated depreciation schedules for chemical production equipment, provide tax incentives for companies investing in advanced foundry and formulation technologies, and establish favorable research accounting standards that encourage chemical adoption over conventional approaches.
• Regulatory Framework Development: Create streamlined chemical registration processes across specialized and general foundry applications, establish clear performance testing frameworks for chemical operation, and develop international harmonization protocols that facilitate cross-border chemical trade.
• Skills Development & Training: Fund vocational programs for chemical technicians, foundry specialists, and manufacturing professionals. Invest in technology transfer initiatives that bridge academic research with commercial chemical development and casting optimization systems.
• Market Access & Competition: Establish procurement policies that favor advanced chemical solutions for government manufacturing applications, support small and medium foundry operations through preferential lending programs, and create regulatory environments that encourage innovation in chemical technologies.

How Industry Bodies Could Support Market Development?

• Performance Standards & Certification: Define standardized performance metrics for chemical systems across specialized, general, and integrated foundry applications, establish universal efficacy and safety protocols, and create certification programs for product performance that foundry operators can rely on.
• Market Education & Best Practices: Lead messaging that demonstrates chemical advantages, emphasizing improved casting outcomes, enhanced production effectiveness, and superior quality compatibility compared to conventional alternatives.
• Technology Integration Standards: Develop interoperability standards for chemical systems, comprehensive casting compatibility guidelines, and advanced foundry platforms, ensuring seamless integration across different manufacturing environments and casting requirements.
• Professional Development: Run certification programs for foundry practitioners, chemical specialists, and technical service teams on optimizing chemical performance, quality management, and advanced casting in competitive manufacturing markets.

How Manufacturers and Technology Players Could Strengthen the Ecosystem?

• Advanced Chemical Development: Develop next-generation formulations with enhanced binding capabilities, improved thermal stability, and application-specific chemical features that enhance casting reliability while improving production outcomes.
• Intelligence Platforms: Provide comprehensive chemical software that integrates quality monitoring, application timing, predictive modeling, and performance optimization, enabling foundry operators to maximize system efficacy and operational efficiency.
• Service & Support Networks: Offer flexible support programs for foundry operations and manufacturing departments, including technical training options, application consultation services, and performance optimization pathways that keep chemical systems current with casting demands.
• Research & Development Networks: Build comprehensive R&D capabilities, collaborative chemical innovation programs, and casting development systems that ensure chemical technologies maintain high performance rates and consistent quality across diverse foundry environments.

Key Players in the Foundry Chemical Market

• ASK Chemicals GmbH
• HA International Ltd.
• Imerys S.A.
• Vesuvius plc
• Hüttenes-Albertus Chemische Werke GmbH
• ABP Induction Systems Ltd.
• Sibelco N.V.
• Ashland Global Holdings Inc.
• Elkem ASA
• BASF SE
• RHI Magnesita N.V.
• Caldaro S.p.A.
• Resco Products, Inc.
• Foseco (part of Vesuvius plc)
• Lanxess AG

Scope of the Report

Items	Values
Quantitative Units (2025)	USD 5,900.0 Million
Product	Binders, Coatings, Additives, Release Agents, Others
Metal	Ferrous, Non-ferrous
End Use	Automotive, Industrial Machinery, Construction, Others
Regions Covered	Asia Pacific, Europe, North America, Latin America, Middle East & Africa
Country Covered	India, China, Mexico, Germany, USA, South Korea, Japan, and 40+ countries
Key Companies Profiled	ASK Chemicals, HA International, Imerys, Vesuvius, Hüttenes-Albertus, ABP Induction, Sibelco, Ashland, Elkem, BASF
Additional Attributes	Dollar sales by product and metal categories, regional adoption trends across Asia Pacific, Europe, and North America, competitive landscape with chemical solution providers and foundry companies, manufacturing facility requirements and specifications, integration with advanced foundry initiatives and specialized casting platforms.

Foundry Chemical Market by Segments

• Product :

  • Binders
  • Coatings
  • Additives
  • Release Agents
  • Others

• Metal :

  • Ferrous
  • Non-ferrous

• End Use :

  • Automotive
  • Industrial Machinery
  • Construction
  • Others

• Region :

  • Asia Pacific
    • China
    • Japan
    • South Korea
    • India
    • Australia & New Zealand
    • ASEAN
    • Rest of Asia Pacific
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • United Kingdom
    • France
    • Italy
    • Spain
    • Nordic
    • BENELUX
    • Rest of Europe
  • North America
    • United States
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Latin America
    • Brazil
    • Chile
    • Rest of Latin America
  • Middle East & Africa
    • Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
    • Other GCC Countries
    • Turkey
    • South Africa
    • Other African Union
    • Rest of Middle East & Africa