OCC (Old Corrugated Containers) Waste Paper Market

OCC (Old Corrugated Containers) Waste Paper Market Outlook 2025 to 2035

The global OCC (Old Corrugated Containers) waste paper market is expected to reach USD 70.4 billion by 2035, up from USD 43.2 billion in 2025. During the forecast period 2025 to 2035, the industry is projected to expand at a CAGR of 5.0%.

The OCC waste paper market is gaining momentum worldwide, driven by the rising demand for sustainable packaging solutions. OCC is essential due to high post-consumer demand, strict recycling requirements and growing e-commerce packaging recovery. As paperboard production and supply chains are localized and as supply is decreased, commercial industries are using OCC as a cheap solution that also adheres to environmentally-sensitive approaches to fiber recovery.

Quick Stats for OCC (Old Corrugated Containers) Waste Paper Market

• Industry Value (2025): USD 43.2 Billion
• Projected Value (2035): USD 70.4 Billion
• Forecast CAGR (2025 to 2035): 5.0%
• Leading Segment (2025): Grade 11 – OCC (32% Market Share)
• Fastest Growing Country (2025-2035): S. Korea (5.7% CAGR)
• Top Key Players: Casepak, Cleanaway Waste Management Ltd, DS Smith Plc, and Georgian Paper Mill

What are the drivers of the OCC (Old Corrugated Containers) waste paper market?

The major growth driver of the OCC market is surging demand of sustainable packaging. The industries and governments are focusing more on the circular fiber sourcing where they are trying to reduce the burden on the environment. Major production companies increasingly use recovered corrugated materials in the bid to achieve zero-waste standards in their new paperboard, tissue, molded fiber products.

The upward pressure on consumption of corrugated packaging is essentially persisted by E-commerce. The reverse logistics models are also being incorporated into fulfillment hubs in order to regain OCC volumes at the source. To profit on the post-consumer cardboard and to streamline their business, retailers are investing in centralized baling and collection systems.

Innovation in fiber refining down the line has enabled greater yield out of lower qualities of OCC grades. The scope of usable inventory is being widened with technologies like AI-based sorting, automated deinking and water-saving pulping processes. These innovations allow producing manufacturers to maximize the percentage of raw inputs and still have the strength on the boards and quality of the surface.

What are the regional trends of the OCC (Old Corrugated Containers) waste paper market?

In North America the domestic OCC demand is running amok as milling moves to 100 percent recycled-content board. The producers in the U.S. are increasing the capacity in the region, and this is accompanied by declining dependence on export-led demand.

Following the China restriction on waste imports, Vietnam and Indonesia have become import-dependent processing centers in Asia. New investments in baling and fiber-cleaning capacity are strengthening the position of the region in world consumption of OCC. The speed of Vietnam to build its capacity is reflected in its collection partnerships with U.S exporters.

Europe continues to lead in the city OCC collection efficiency. Germany and the Netherlands are optimising the public-private collection models and sortation.

What are the challenges and restraining factors of the OCC (Old Corrugated Containers) waste paper market?

As a structural obstacle, recycling of OCC is hampered by inconsistent grade purity. Mixes of paper materials with non-paper substances reduce yield of fiber and drive up the costs of treatment. This restrains recovery rates in areas that do not have a source-separated collection infrastructure.

Dependency on exports brings in a state of volatility in local OCC markets. Hollerings of the import policies of main Asian purchases like India and Vietnam can initiate over supply and undersupply. Manufacturers in the U.S. and EU experience price uncertainty making long-term planning of purchase difficult.

Underdeveloped markets have scaling limitations that are also caused by technology. Obsolete baling, pulping and contamination detection modules lower the throughput of processing. Small-scale aggregators are not able to make capital-intensive improvements that can have inhibitory effects on the more efficient incorporation of regional supply chains.

Country-Wise Insights

The United States is the Backbone of Global OCC Export and Domestic Reuse

The United States is the major exporter of OCC waste paper in the world. It has an impressive infrastructure that has a net of municipal collection systems, retail recovery loops, and automated sorting facilities, which allow the continuous quality production of high grade. The prevailing state of U.S. exports does not diminish with the increasing reuse domestically. Its global presence is further healthy because of strategic port access.

In the U.S, paper mills are moving the domestic industry towards fully recycled linerboard and containerboard. The internal demand is being boosted through the investment in closed-loop systems and integration with leading brand names of packaging. State incentives in such states as California are stimulating the investment in the next generation pulping technologies that increase OCC yield and purity.

Growth strategies are based on automation, contamination level detection on AI and live monitoring of logistics. The sector is utilizing the sensor-based infrastructure to lessen the inefficiencies of baling and enable the feedstock profile that is adaptable to mill. Such bipolar market orientation, which considers twins, good export record and brimming domestic consumption, makes the U.S. either a leader in volume or a technological stalwart.

South Korea is the High-Efficiency Recycler with Elevated Yield Strategies

South Korea’s OCC sector exemplifies optimized resource recovery through high-density urban collection and national circularity mandates. The municipal systems are well controlled in that it separates at source and grade contamination is kept at a minimum. The national goals on recovering fiber are driving mills toward full integrated recycled paperboard.

In South Korea, Grade 11 and New Corrugated Cuttings of OCC is very essential in paperboard production. Domestic companies pay attention to efficiency and use highly efficient water-saving pulpers and minimal-chemical deinking. Electronics and e-commerce partnerships enhance the capture rates of commercial streams.

Development of AI-enhanced sortation and fiber characterization technologies signifies the approach of the country to get as much out of a small amount of landmass as possible. The model of export in South Korea is mild although its domestic OCC conversion rate is the best in the world. The R&D into fiber recycling and waste-to-value platforms remain under governmental incentives.

China is the Industrial-Scale Processor Rebuilding Domestic OCC Supply

China concentrated on domestic OCC pipeline reconstruction after the ban on importing waste. The country is also rapidly ramping up localized recovery at retail and institutional level. The full recycling cooperatives and the regional state-supported ventures are promoting a growth in volumes and standardized entries of grade.

Although China used to import huge amounts of OCC, present policies focus on domestic acquisition, particularly dense, industrial areas. It also has one of the largest paperboard industries in the world which depends on the input of consistent OCC. Chinese mills have invented their own deinking systems that are specific to the grades of mixed-paper that will allow them to design flexible grade tolerance.

OCC-centered infrastructure is promoted by the government through the form of subsidies particularly in fiber-insufficient provinces. Vertical integration consisting of collection, to conversion, occurs in innovation parks and eco-industrial clusters. What could appear as rare exports, the size and the intensity of consumption demonstrate China as an important factor in world OCC demand matching.

Category-Wise Analysis

Grade 11 - OCC is the Commercial Gold Standard for Fiber Recovery

Grade 11 OCC remains dominant because it contains high quality fiber and low contamination level which makes it to be the input in high-quality paperboard products and corrugated products. It mostly sources its streams through commercial and retail streams, and this allows it to conduct centralized blasting and have a consistent grade yield. This guarantees high demand in the mills especially in the mature economies due to its compatibility with the automated pulping plants.

In the future it is estimated that demand of Grade 11 OCC will escalate due to more demanding input requirements of advanced linerboard mills. Procures are streamlining the logistics with the aim of elevating cleaner and more sorted feedstock whose sources can be traced. Such grade is becoming more and more central in closed-loop packaging models particularly in the e-commerce and retail sectors seeking regulatory-compliant recycled content.

Paper and Paperboard Manufacturing Drives Consistent OCC Throughput

Paper and paperboard manufacturers are the largest end-users of OCC globally. North America, Asia and Europe containerboard and linerboard mills are becoming increasingly reliant on OCC recovery systems to ensure a stable source of fiber with virgin pulp prices moving so wildly. The operational models of this segment are very aligned with the circular economy objectives which further assures the central position of OCC.

With capacity increase in recycled only mills and grade flexible processing, this segment will grow in the future. There is also a trend in packaging of lightweighting dispositions, which drives demand to OCC feedstock that can exhibit a correct trade off of tensile strength and economical throughput. Manufacturers are improving formulations to meet the customer trends on durability, recyclability and compliance with regulations.

Competitive Analysis

Key players in the OCC (Old Corrugated Containers) waste paper market Casepak

Cleanaway Waste Management Ltd, DS Smith Plc, Georgian Paper Mill, Global Eco Recyclers, International Paper, Kruger Inc., Reliable Paper, Republic Services, Royal Oak Recycling, Smurfit Kappa Group, Sonoco Products Company, SUEZ, Viridor, WestRock Company

The OCC market is becoming more competitive, regional collectors and processors are specifically competing on premium-grade quantities. The intensive differentiation is becoming more dependent on the management of contamination, on-line bale grading and optimization of logistics. Smart bin and traceable collection technologies deployed by major players are also aiming at attracting corporate waste contracts.

Automatic sorting lines, the use of AI to evaluate grades and non-chemical deinking all demonstrate innovation. The procurement practice is moving towards fiber yield guarantee multi-year agreements instead of spot sourcing. In the mean time, the dynamics of cross border trade are putting pressure on suppliers to develop the need to have ability to produce the flexible-grade in terms of being able to supply their domestic and export customers.

Recent Development

• In June 2025, Smurfit Kappa revealed an $13.5 billion upgrade at its Zülpich mill in Germany, retrofitting the multi-fuel boiler to eliminate coal use and recover steam for recycled paper production.

Fact.MR has provided detailed information about the price points of key manufacturers of OCC (Old Corrugated Containers) waste paper Market positioned across regions, sales growth, production capacity, and speculative technological expansion, in the recently published report.

Methodology and Industry Tracking Approach

The 2025 OCC Waste Paper Market Report by Fact.MR is based on insights collected from 1,350 stakeholders across 14 countries, with a minimum of 80 respondents per country. Among the participants, 62% were end users—including paperboard manufacturers, tissue mills, molded fiber converters, and logistics firms-while the remaining 38% included recyclers, baling operators, grade procurement leads, and sustainability officers.

Data collection was conducted between June 2024 and May 2025, focusing on critical parameters such as grade classification accuracy, bale contamination levels, mill compatibility, traceability infrastructure, and logistics optimization. A regionally balanced calibration model ensured accurate representation across North America, Asia Pacific, and Europe.

The study draws from over 100 validated sources, including industry trade reports, mill procurement logs, packaging recovery datasets, peer-reviewed journals, and compliance audits. All sources were rigorously triangulated to produce reliable estimates and robust, actionable insights for stakeholders across the fiber value chain.

Fact.MR applied rigorous analytical tools such as multi-variable regression and scenario modeling to ensure data robustness. With continuous monitoring of the glass adhesives space since 2018, this report offers a comprehensive roadmap for firms seeking competitive advantage, innovation, and sustainable growth within the sector.

Segmentation of OCC (Old Corrugated Containers) Waste Paper Market

• By Source of Collection :

  • Commercial & Industrial Waste
  • Residential Waste
  • Institutional Waste
  • Retail & E-commerce Packaging

• By Collection & Logistics Model :

  • Municipal Collection
  • Private Hauler Collection
  • Aggregator-based Collection
  • Drop-off / Buy-back Centers

• By Grade :

  • Grade 11 – OCC
  • Grade 12 – DS OCC
  • New Corrugated Cuttings (NCC)
  • Mixed Paper with OCC

• By End Use Industry :

  • Paper and Paperboard Manufacturing
  • Tissue and Towel Industry
  • Molded Fiber Products
  • Building Materials

• By Region :

  • North America
  • Latin America
  • Western Europe
  • Eastern Europe
  • East Asia
  • South Asia & Pacific
  • Middle East & Africa